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Dành cho thí sinh thi vào các trường: THPT Chuyên Phan Bội Châu

DE THI CHUYEN ANH TINH NGHE AN NAM HOC 2021-2022

TIENG ANH (CHUYEN)

Thời gian làm bài: 150 phút

Kết quả

B. Lexico MCQ

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Write your answer A, B, C or D in the boxes provided.

They ______ their task by the time you come back.

They rarely let her stay out late, ______?

Our refrigerator ______ just a month after the guarantee had expired.

Despite the initial ______ result, they decided to go on with the proposed scheme.

Some English words have the same pronunciation ______ they are spelled differently, for example, dear and deer.

We suggest that all students _________ of the change in the timetable as soon as possible.

The company can't expect me to move my home and family ______.

Grammar (8) · one week / one month / two weeks / two months

Grammar (9) · careful / easy / careless / difficult

Pit: “The air quality in our city is getting worse and worse.”
Jenny: “______. I can't see anything in the morning because of too much smoke.”

B. Word formation — TikTok

Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

TikTok is a social media-platform that allows users to create short videos of themselves that can be edited using music, filters and effects. The rise of TikTok can be attributed to its appeal to younger audiences who enjoy its user-friendly interface, (1. ENTERTAIN) __________ content and opportunities for self-expression.
TikTok has quickly become a (2. CULTURE) __________ phenomenon, with its popularity skyrocketing in recent years. As of 2021, the app has over one billion active users (3. WORLD) __________, making it one of the most popular social media platforms in the world. Its popularity has also (4. LEAD) __________ to the rise of TikTok influencers who use the platform to reach large audiences and promote products and services.
The app has become particularly popular among teenagers and young adults who appreciate its (5. ABLE) __________ to showcase their (6. CREATE) __________, humour and talents. TikTok's algorithm also plays a significant role in the widening of success, as it allows users to discover new content that is tailored to their interests and (7. PREFER) __________.
TikTok's rise has not been without (8. CONTROVERSIAL) __________, however. Some have raised concerns about the app's potential to compromise user privacy and its potential to spread (9. INFORM) __________. Despite these concerns, TikTok continues to be in (10. SPREAD) __________ use among all ages, all over the world.

user-friendly interface, (1. ENTERTAIN) __________ content

a (2. CULTURE) __________ phenomenon

over one billion active users (3. WORLD) __________

Its popularity has also (4. LEAD) __________ to the rise of TikTok influencers

appreciate its (5. ABLE) __________ to showcase

showcase their (6. CREATE) __________, humour and talents

tailored to their interests and (7. PREFER) __________

not been without (8. CONTROVERSIAL) __________

potential to spread (9. INFORM) __________

continues to be in (10. SPREAD) __________ use

B. Error correction

The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify and correct the mistakes.

Making changes to our habits can pose a formidable challenge, yet even small adjustments can wield a significant impact for our lives. By adding or eliminating just one thing for 30 days, we can establish fresh patterns of behaviour what can lead to lasting improvements.
For instance, if you aspire to elevate your physical well-being, cutting out sugar from your diet for 30 days can be a game-changer. This might require going with desserts or sugary beverages, but the benefits can be truly worthwhile. Not only will you feel better, so you may also notice improvements in your skin, energy levels, and overall sense of vitality.
Conversely, adding a habit can also be transformative. For instance, if you want to be more productively, adding a daily meditation practice can help you bolster focus and reduce stress. This might involve simply finding a quiet place to sit and introspect for few minutes each day, but the rewards can be significant. You may detect a heightened sense of concentration and invigoration throughout the day, produce a greater sense of calm and clarity.
As the old saying goes, 'Rome wasn't built in a day'. Making lasting changes to our habits take time and effort, but by focusing in just one thing for 30 days, we can establish a new, healthier routine. So why not to give it a try? Take the first step towards a healthier, happier you by adding or eliminating just one thing for the next 30 days.

Making changes to our habits can pose a formidable challenge, yet even small adjustments can wield a significant impact for our lives. — sửa: wield a significant impact for our lives → impact on

By adding or eliminating just one thing for 30 days, we can establish fresh patterns of behaviour what can lead to lasting improvements. — sửa: patterns of behaviour what can lead to lasting improvements → which

This might require going with desserts or sugary beverages, but the benefits can be truly worthwhile. — sửa: going with desserts or sugary beverages → going without

Not only will you feel better, so you may also notice improvements in your skin, energy levels, and overall sense of vitality. — sửa: Not only will you feel better, so you may also notice → but

For instance, if you want to be more productively, adding a daily meditation practice can help you bolster focus and reduce stress. — sửa: if you want to be more productively → productive

This might involve simply finding a quiet place to sit and introspect for few minutes each day, but the rewards can be significant. — sửa: introspect for few minutes each day → a few

You may detect a heightened sense of concentration and invigoration throughout the day, produce a greater sense of calm and clarity. — sửa: throughout the day, produce a greater sense of calm → producing

Line 13–14: Making lasting changes to our habits take time and effort → sửa take

Making lasting changes to our habits take time and effort, but by focusing in just one thing for 30 days, we can establish a new, healthier routine. — sửa: by focusing in just one thing for 30 days → focusing on

Line 15: So why not to give it a try? → sửa to give

C. Guided cloze — Soap operas

Read the following passage and choose the best answer from A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

It is surely beyond (1) ______ that soap opera is the most consistently popular type of television programme in the world. It has succeeded in (2) ______ the imagination of millions since it first (3) ______ as a genre back in the 1930s. The word 'soap' alludes to the role originally played by detergent manufacturers, who promoted their products during commercial breaks. Soap operas have been (4) ______ as mindless entertainment, with viewers only (5) ______ to these programmes in order to escape from reality.
Soaps are often (6) ______ in friendly, tightly-knit neighbourhoods, evoking nostalgic feelings in some viewers, since such communities may no longer exist in many areas. The subject matter of soaps also (7) ______ great appeal for viewers since the stories (8) ______ focus on domestic problems they may have experienced themselves.
There has been a significant shift in attitudes with many soaps now (9) ______ moral and social issues. The characters and situations (10) ______ are complex and ambiguous, providing much food for thought and no easy answers.

C. Open cloze — History education

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE WORD in each space.

WHY IS HISTORY EDUCATION IMPORTANT?
History is incredibly popular today. We all want to learn about the past, discover new evidence, and explain historical mysteries. For educators, teaching history is crucial for nurturing critical (1) ______ and empathy in students. By studying history, they can learn to (2) ______ fact from opinion and develop a better understanding of their place in the world.
(3) ______ than viewing history as a lifeless subject, it's more apt to see it (4) ______ a dynamic force shaping our present. History teachers are striving to (5) ______ their lessons more inclusive, incorporating diverse perspectives and sources to create a well-rounded curriculum.
Renowned historians have played a vital role in reshaping the (6) ______ history is taught. Their work (7) ______ light on contemporary issues such as racism and migration, making history more relevant to students' lives.
Understanding historical events like statue removals and social movements requires (8) ______ awareness of their historical context. By learning about migration, colonization, and civil rights movements, students can better comprehend modern-day challenges like systemic racism. (9) ______ essence, history is (10) ______ a thing of the past; it's a vibrant and essential part of every student's education, offering valuable lessons about humanity and the world we live in.

C. Reading — Spoken vs written

Read an extract from an article and choose the answer A, B, C or D that fits best according to the text.

One of the basic assumptions of modern linguistics is that speech is primary and writing is secondary. The most immediate manifestation of language is speech and not writing. Writing is simply the representation of speech in another physical medium. Spoken language encodes thought into a physically transmittable form, while writing, in turn, encodes spoken language into a physically preservable form. Writing is a three-stage process: thinking of an idea, expressing it in mental grammar, and then transferring it to written form. All units of writing, whether letters or characters, are based on units of speech, i.e., words, sounds, or syllables. When linguists study language, therefore, they take the spoken language as their best source of data and their object of description except in instances of languages like Latin for which there are no longer any speakers.
You may think that with the advent of so many “instant messaging” programs, writing can now be as immediate as speech. But it is important to remember that even though the written form can be nearly immediate these days, there is still an extra step between conceptualizing the message you want to communicate and the reception of that idea, if you have to write it - regardless of whether you do so longhand or type it into a computer.
There are several reasons for maintaining that speech is primary and writing is secondary. Writing is a later historical development than spoken language. Archeological evidence indicates that writing was first utilized in Sumer, that is, modern-day Iraq, about 6,000 years ago. The Sumerians probably devised written characters for the purpose of maintaining inventories of livestock and merchandise. As far as physical and cultural anthropologists can tell, spoken language has probably been used by humans for hundreds of thousands of years.
Writing does not exist everywhere that spoken language does. This seems hard to imagine in our highly literate society, but the fact is that there are still many communities in the world where a written form of language is not used. Even in those cultures using a writing system there are individuals who fail to learn the written form of their language. In fact, the majority of the Earth's inhabitants are illiterate, though quite capable of spoken communication. However, no society uses only a written language with no spoken form.
Writing must be taught, whereas spoken language is acquired automatically. All children, except children with serious learning disabilities, naturally learn to speak the language of the community in which they are brought up. They acquire the basics of their native language before they enter school, and even if they never attend school, they become fully competent speakers. Writing systems vary in complexity, but regardless of their level of sophistication, they must all be taught.
Neurolinguistic evidence (studies of the brain in action during language use) demonstrates that the processing and production of written language is overlaid on the spoken language centers in the brain. Spoken language involves several distinct areas of the brain; writing uses these areas and others as well.
Despite all this evidence, it is a widely held misconception that writing is more perfect than speech. To many people, writing somehow seems more correct and more stable, whereas speech can be careless, corrupted, and susceptible to change. Some people even go so far as to identify "language" with writing and to regard speech as a secondary form of language used imperfectly to approximate the ideals of the written language.
What gives rise to the misconception that writing is more perfect than speech? There are several reasons. Writing can be edited, and so the product of writing is usually more aptly worded and better organized, containing fewer errors, hesitations, and incomplete sentences than are found in speech. This “perfection of writing” can be explained by the fact that writing is the result of deliberation, correction, and revision, while speech is the spontaneous and simultaneous formulation of ideas; writing is therefore less subject to the constraint of time than speech is. Writing must be taught and is therefore ultimately associated with education and educated speech. Since the speech of the educated is more often than not set up as the “standard language,” writing is associated indirectly with the varieties of language that people tend to view as "correct." However, the association of writing with the standard variety is not a necessary one, as evidenced by the attempts of writers to transcribe faithfully the speech of their characters. Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn and John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men contain examples of this. Writing is more physically stable than spoken language, which consists of nothing more than sound waves traveling through the air, and is therefore ephemeral and transient. Writing tends to last, because of its physical medium (characters on some surface), and can be preserved for a very long time. Spelling does not seem to vary from individual to individual or from place to place as easily as pronunciation does. Thus, writing has the appearance of being more stable especially in the modern era. Of course, spelling does vary, as exemplified by the differences between the American ways of spelling gray and words with the suffixes -ize and -ization as compared with the British spelling of grey and -ise and -isation. Writing could also change if it were made to follow the changes of speech. The fact that people at various times try to carry out spelling reforms amply illustrates this possibility.

According to paragraph 1, what can be inferred about linguistic research?

According to paragraph 4, what is TRUE about literacy?

Why does the author mention "Mark Twain" and "John Steinbeck" in paragraph 8?

According to paragraph 8, what is TRUE about spelling?

Which of the following statements most closely represents the author's opinion?

How does the author organize the passage?

Which characteristic does not relate to writing?

C. Reading — Wildlife conservation

Read the following passage and do the tasks below.
Questions 1–7: The reading passage has 7 sections, A–G. Choose the correct headings for sections A–G from the list of headings below. Write the correct number i–viii.
i. Helpful species
ii. Humanity's ecological footprint
iii. The complexity of conservation
iv. The extent of the problem
v. Ranking species
vi. Species as symbols
vii. The failure of wildlife conservation
viii. A natural phenomenon
Questions 8–13: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? Write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information; FALSE if the statement contradicts the information; NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

Conservation Strategies
Section A.
Although estimates vary, it is believed that approximately 900 different animal species have died out in the last 500 years. A further 35,000 species are officially recorded as at risk of extinction, though this is unquestionably an underrepresentation of the true number under threat. The survival chances of only a tiny proportion of the world's wildlife have been assessed, so it's highly likely that far more species are at risk of dying out. In fact, estimates on the true number vary enormously but range from 10 million to almost 50 million. Experts have also calculated that 25% of the world's mammals are under threat, and 40% of amphibians are endangered. Such statistics are undoubtedly alarming. However, numbers alone are not enough to highlight the seriousness of the issue, or the solutions.
Section B.
Of course, it's important to distinguish between cases of preventable animal extinction and extinction that occurs due to natural evolutionary reasons. Somewhere between 90% and 99% of all the species that have ever existed have died out. Many species gradually disappear when they are unable to adapt to changing circumstances such as availability of food or the appearance of new predators. In these cases, other species evolve to fill the vacant role. The Earth's ecosystems are complex networks of living things, in which animals, plants and waterways are dependent on one another. Natural extinction helps to maintain the planet's delicate ecological balance.
Section C.
When left undisturbed, nature finds a way to restore itself. However, the natural balance of the world's ecosystems is changing, leading to significant biodiversity loss. Construction, tourism, mining, manufacturing and other aspects of human life are responsible for much of the environmental destruction we see in the world nowadays. Such activities directly lead to the loss of natural habitats, increase pollution and soil erosion, and also play a major role in climate change. All of this is having a disastrous impact on the planet's wildlife. Species are disappearing at rates estimated to be between 1,000 and 10,000 higher than rates of natural extinction. There's no doubt that humans have a disproportionately negative impact on the world. What's less clear is how best to resolve this.
Section D.
Wildlife management is far from straightforward, especially given the fact that it requires vast financial resources. To put this in context, it has been estimated that it costs over a million dollars a year to save just one single species of condor bird native to one particular area of North America. Since there are currently fewer than four hundred of these endangered condors in existence, saving each one comes at a cost of over $2,500 a year. With this in mind, wildlife management often involves weighing up competing environmental needs, and making painful strategic decisions to prioritise some species over others. The factors influencing such decisions are extremely complex, and often controversial.
Section E.
In recent years, the concept of "conservation triage" has gained increasing attention. This involves leaving some species to face extinction in order to allocate more resources to species with a greater chance of survival, or which are perceived to be more important in some way. Conservation triage recognises that it makes sense to invest our limited resources in species that will have the best environmental outcomes. However, there is no accepted formula to evaluate the relative merits of saving one species over another. The lack of consensus regarding which species should be prioritised means that wildlife agencies often adopt differing approaches when it comes to conservation efforts.
Section F.
Some conservation strategies focus entirely on "flagship" species. These are animals promoted as icons to raise public awareness of environmental issues. They are selected on the basis that they are commonly regarded as attractive or charismatic, and therefore valued in society. For instance, the possibility that the beloved giant panda may become extinct has highlighted the importance of protecting natural habitats and having tighter controls against deforestation. However, while cute animals may generate public sympathy, there is little evidence that this leads to significant environmental gains; in fact, if images of flagship species appear too often in marketing, the public may even assume they are no longer endangered.
Section G.
Although flagship species may be "cute", the arguments for alternative approaches are more compelling. It surely makes more sense to prioritise species which make the greatest overall contribution to nature, regardless of whether they are perceived to be attractive. Keystone species perform essential functions in ecosystems. For instance, elephants in the wild clear pathways for small animals. Insects and bees are essential for the pollination and dispersal of tree and plant seeds. Should keystone species disappear, the survival of all the forms of life in that environment would be at risk. Likewise, indicator species are vital as they provide valuable information about the condition of natural habitats. Some types of crayfish are used as indicator species. By monitoring crayfish populations, ecologists can understand more about the overall condition of our waterways. This clearly highlights the need for a pragmatic rather than a sentimental approach to conservation.

Wildlife conservation — Section A — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section B — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section C — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section D — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section E — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section F — heading (i–viii)

Wildlife conservation — Section G — heading (i–viii)

It is estimated that around 75,000 species are on the verge of extinction.

Many species have naturally died out for the sake of the planet.

The Earth's natural environment has been damaged beyond repair.

The condor bird is an example of a creature that has been prioritised in conservation.

Efforts to save 'flagship' species via marketing can become counterproductive.

The author concludes that both emotional and practical arguments should be taken into account when conducting conservation campaigns.

D. Key-word transformation

For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, using the word given. This word must not be altered in any way.

Nobody expected Nick to resign. (CAME)
→ Nick's resignation __________.

Mira tried to stay out of the argument between her two colleagues. (SIDES)
→ Mira tried __________.

A lack of support is threatening the success of the carnival. (UNDER)
→ The carnival's __________.

The manager refused to discuss his decision further. (OPEN)
→ The manager stated that __________.

I just saw Emma for a moment as she walked past the restaurant. (CAUGHT)
→ I just __________.

D. Letter

Your local newspaper wants to reward people who have contributed a lot to the community. Write a letter to the newspaper (100–120 words).
In your letter, you should:
- suggest someone who deserves the reward
- mention what they have done to help the community
- say what reward you would like to give them
Use your name and address as Thao Duong – 32 Minh Khai Street, Vinh City, Nghe An Province.

Write a letter to the local newspaper (100–120 words) nominating someone for a community reward: who they are, what they have done, and what reward you suggest. Sign as Thao Duong, 32 Minh Khai Street, Vinh City, Nghe An Province.

D. Essay

Write an essay (at least 250 words) on the following topic. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Some people believe that developments in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future while others claim that the rise of AI will disrupt many areas of life. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Some people believe that developments in AI will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future while others claim that the rise of AI will disrupt many areas of life. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (at least 250 words)

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