← Ôn thi vào 10 Chuyên

Cấu tạo từ (Word formation)

Nhận loại từ theo vị trí, hậu tố, tiền tố, và 300+ họ từ hay ra đề chuyên / THPT. · Phạm vi: Ôn thi vào 10 Chuyên

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Cấu tạo từ (word formation) là dạng rất hay ra: cho từ gốc trong ngoặc, điền danh / động / tính / trạng từ. Nhìn chỗ trống đứng trước/sau gì rồi chọn loại từ; nhớ tiền tố phủ định và biến đổi bất quy tắc (succeed → success → successful → successfully). Ngân hàng bên dưới gồm 300+ họ từ lấy theo tần suất đề chuyên / không chuyên / THPT.

Phần ví dụ bên dưới lấy từ đề tỉnh / THPT thật (24 câu) — mỗi câu ghi rõ nguồn đề.

1

Nhận loại từ từ vị trí(Word class from position)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnha/an/the/my + (adj) + N
    be/seem/look + adj

    V + adv

    to + V / modal + V
  • Phủ địnhSAI: a successed / very succeed / speak slow (cần slowly, trừ hard/fast/late…)
  • Nghi vấnChỗ trống sau mạo từ? → danh từ. Sau be? → tính từ. Bổ nghĩa động từ? → trạng từ.

Cách dùng

  • Sau a/an/the, some, my, this: danh từ (a decision, the inventor).
  • Sau be, become, seem, look, feel: tính từ (She is successful).
  • Bổ nghĩa động từ / cả câu: trạng từ (She spoke confidently; Fortunately, …).
  • Sau to, can/must, will: động từ nguyên mẫu (to succeed, must decide).

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

(SUCCESS)(DECIDE)(FORTUNE)a/an + ?be + ?

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

(COURSE) Holidays at home are usually a last recourse

(COURSE) Kỳ nghỉ ở nhà thường là một ______ cuối cùng khi mọi lựa chọn khác đã bị loại.

(Trích từ đề Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu chuyên 2024-2025 · C15)

(ROUND) in the same old surrounds

(ROUND) không nhất thiết nghĩa là khoảng thời gian buồn tẻ trong cùng những ______ cũ kỹ quanh bạn suốt 355 ngày còn lại.

(Trích từ đề Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu chuyên 2024-2025 · C16)

(MULTIPLE) a multitude of possibilities

(MULTIPLE) thực ra có một ______ khả năng đáng được khám phá.

(Trích từ đề Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu chuyên 2024-2025 · C17)

2

Hậu tố danh / tính / động từ(Common suffixes)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhN: -tion -sion -ment -ness -ity -er -or -ist -hood -ship
    Adj: -ful -less -ous -ive -al -able -ible -ish

    V: -ise/-ize -en -ify -ate
  • Phủ địnhbeauty → beautiful (không beautyful). decide → decision (không decidion).
  • Nghi vấn—

Cách dùng

  • Động từ → danh từ: invent → invention; develop → development; decide → decision; refuse → refusal.
  • Tính từ → danh từ: happy → happiness; able → ability; dark → darkness.
  • Danh từ → tính từ: danger → dangerous; nation → national; child → childish.
  • Tính từ → động từ: wide → widen; simple → simplify; modern → modernise.

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

-tion-ment-ness-ful-less-ise-en

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

(MIND) like-minded individuals, couples and families

(MIND) những cá nhân, cặp đôi và gia đình ______ muốn nếm trải cuộc sống trong nhà người khác.

(Trích từ đề Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu chuyên 2024-2025 · C18)

(RESIDE) staying in someone else's residence

(RESIDE) ở ______ của người khác dù chỉ vài ngày vẫn hơn nằm ườn trên ghế nhà mình.

(Trích từ đề Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu chuyên 2024-2025 · C19)

I think you may mistake Daisy for her sister as it is virtually impossible to tell the twins apart.

Gần như hầu như không thể phân biệt cặp song sinh.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Giang chuyên 2025-2026 · C25)

3

Tiền tố phủ định và nghĩa(Prefixes)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhun- in- im- il- ir- dis- mis- over- under- re- pre- anti- co-
  • Phủ địnhimpossible (im- trước p/b/m); illegal (il- trước l); irregular (ir- trước r); incomplete (in-).
  • Nghi vấn—

Cách dùng

  • un-: unhappy, unlock, unexpected. dis-: disagree, dishonest, disappear.
  • in-/im-/il-/ir-: informal, impatient, illegal, irregular. Không có một quy tắc 100% — học từng từ hay ra đề.
  • mis- = sai: misunderstand, misspell. re- = lại: rebuild, rewrite. over- = quá: overcrowded, oversleep. under- = dưới: underestimate.
  • Đề chuyên hay hỏi: invaluable ≠ valueless (invaluable = rất quý); inflammable ≈ flammable (đều là dễ cháy).

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

un-in-dis-mis-over-re-

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

I woke up on the day after my wedding with a feeling of indescribable joy. (DESCRIBE)

Sáng hôm sau ngày cưới tôi thức dậy với cảm giác vui ____________. (DESCRIBE)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C36)

This has led to financial losses, though admittedly on a fairly small scale. (ADMIT)

Điều này dẫn tới thua lỗ tài chính, dù ____________ ở quy mô khá nhỏ. (ADMIT)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C37)

The council must provide housing for young people whose welfare is seriously prejudiced. (PREJUDICE)

Hội đồng phải cung cấp nhà cho thanh niên mà phúc lợi bị ____________ nghiêm trọng. (PREJUDICE)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C38)

4

Bẫy họ từ hay nhầm(Classic family traps)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhCùng gốc ≠ cùng nghĩa gần
  • Phủ địnheconomic ≠ economical
    historic ≠ historical

    sensible ≠ sensitive

    industrial ≠ industrious
  • Nghi vấn—

Cách dùng

  • economy → economic (thuộc kinh tế) / economical (tiết kiệm).
  • history → historic (trọng đại) / historical (thuộc sử học).
  • sense → sensible (biết suy xét) / sensitive (nhạy cảm).
  • industry → industrial (công nghiệp) / industrious (siêng năng).
  • high → highly (= rất); hard → hardly (= hầu như không).
  • considerable (đáng kể) ≠ considerate (chu đáo).

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

ECONOMYHISTORYSENSEINDUSTRYHIGHHARD

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

As a courtesy to other diners, we ask that all cell phones be left at the door. (COURTEOUS)

Như một ____________ với thực khách khác, chúng tôi xin để điện thoại ở cửa. (COURTEOUS)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C39)

For many college graduates, job hunting can be a disheartening struggle. (HEART)

Với nhiều sinh viên mới ra trường, tìm việc có thể là cuộc chiến ____________. (HEART)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C40)

Some of these experiments were heartfelt and courageous attempts to find a new way. (COURAGE)

Một số thí nghiệm này là những nỗ lực chân thành và ____________ nhằm tìm lối mới. (COURAGE)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C41)

5

Họ từ A–D (ngân hàng đề)(Families A–D)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhGốc trong ngoặc → V / N / Adj / Adv (+ phủ định nếu nghĩa câu cần)
  • Phủ địnhĐọc kỹ trước/sau chỗ trống; economic ≠ economical; historic ≠ historical.
  • Nghi vấn101 họ từ
    A–DZZZ

Cách dùng

  • Học theo họ: nhớ ít nhất 1 danh / 1 tính / 1 trạng (nếu có) và dạng phủ định hay ra đề.
  • Gặp gốc lạ: đoán hậu tố (-tion/-ment/-ness/-ity/-ful/-less/-ous/-ive) rồi kiểm tra nghĩa câu.
  • Một số gốc vừa là N vừa là V (benefit, increase, progress) — nhìn cấu trúc câu.

Họ từ (101)

ABLEenable / ability / able / ably / unable / disability / disabledable to + V nguyen mau
ABSENTabsence / absent / absently / absenteeabsence from school / absent from class
ACCESSaccess / accessibility / accessible / accessibly / inaccessible
ACCOMMODATEaccommodate / accommodation
ACHIEVEachieve / achievement / achiever / achievable / unachievable
ACTact / action / activity / active / actively / activate / inactive / actor
ADDadd / addition / additive / additional / additionally
ADMIREadmire / admiration / admirer / admirable / admirably
ADULTadult / adulthood / adultlike
ADVANTAGEadvantage / advantageous / advantageously / disadvantage / disadvantaged
ADVERTISEadvertise / advertisement / advertising / advertiser
AGEage / ageing / aged / ageless / teenage / middle-aged
AGREEagree / agreement / agreeable / disagree / disagreement
AGRICULTUREagriculture / agricultural / agriculturally / agriculturist
AMAZEamaze / amazement / amazing / amazed / amazingly
AMBITIONambition / ambitious / ambitiously / unambitious
ANALYZEanalyze / analysis / analyst / analytical / analytically
ANGRYanger / angry / angrily
ANXIETYanxiety / anxious / anxiously
APOLOGIZEapologize / apology / apologetic / apologetically
APPEARappear / appearance / apparent / apparently / disappear / disappearance
APPLYapply / application / applicant / appliance / applicable / inapplicableapplicant nguoi xin viec, appliance thiet bi
APPRECIATEappreciate / appreciation / appreciative / appreciable / appreciably
APPROACHapproach / approaching / approachable / unapproachable
APPROVEapprove / approval / approving / approvingly / disapprove / disapproval
ARGUEargue / argument / arguable / arguably / argumentative
ARRANGEarrange / arrangement / rearrange / arranged
ARRIVEarrive / arrival
ATTAINattain / attainment / attainable / unattainable
ATTENDattend / attendance / attendant / attention / attentive / attentively / inattentive
ATTRACTattract / attraction / attractive / attractively / unattractive / attractiveness
AWAREaware / awareness / unawarebe aware of
BALANCEbalance / balanced / imbalance / unbalanced
BEAUTYbeautify / beauty / beautiful / beautifully
BELIEVEbelieve / belief / believer / believable / unbelievable / disbelief
BENEFITbenefit / beneficiary / beneficial / beneficially
BIRTHbirth / birthday / birthplace / childbirth / newborn
BOREbore / boredom / boring / bored / boringlyboring ta vat, bored ta nguoi
BREATHbreathe / breath / breathless / breathlessly / breathtakingbreathe la dong tu, breath la danh tu
BROADbroaden / breadth / broad / broadly / broadband
CAREcare / carer / careful / carefully / careless / carelessly / caring / carefree
CELEBRATEcelebrate / celebration / celebrity / celebrated / celebratory
CERTAINascertain / certainty / certain / certainly / uncertain / uncertainty
CHALLENGEchallenge / challenger / challenging / challenged
CHARACTERcharacterize / character / characteristic / characteristically
CHILDchild / childhood / childish / childishly / childlike / childlesschildish tre con xau, childlike ho^n nhien tot
CIVILcivilize / civilization / civil / civilian / civilized / uncivilized
COLLECTcollect / collection / collector / collective / collectively
COMBINEcombine / combination / combined / combinable
COMFORTcomfort / comforting / comfortable / comfortably / uncomfortable / discomfort
COMMITcommit / commitment / committee / committedcommit a crime
COMMUNICATEcommunicate / communication / communicator / communicative / communicatively
COMPAREcompare / comparison / comparable / comparably / comparative / comparatively / incomparable
COMPETITIONcompete / competition / competitor / competitive / competitively / competitiveness
COMPLAINcomplain / complaint / complainercomplain about sth
COMPLETEcomplete / completion / completely / incomplete
COMPUTERcompute / computer / computerize / computerized / computational
CONCENTRATEconcentrate / concentration / concentrated / concentrating
CONCLUSIONconclude / conclusion / conclusive / conclusively / inconclusive
CONFIDENTconfide / confidence / confident / confidently / confidential / self-confidentconfidential la bi mat, khong phai tu tin
CONFUSEconfuse / confusion / confusing / confused / confusingly
CONNECTconnect / connection / connected / disconnect / disconnected
CONSCIOUSconscious / consciousness / consciously / unconscious / subconscious
CONSERVEconserve / conservation / conservationist / conservative / conservatively
CONSIDERconsider / consideration / considerable / considerably / considerate / considerately / inconsiderateconsiderable dang ke, considerate chu dao
CONSTRUCTconstruct / construction / constructor / constructive / constructively / reconstruct
CONTINUEcontinue / continuation / continuous / continuously / continual / continually / discontinuecontinuous lien tuc khong ngat, continual lap lai nhieu lan
CONTRIBUTEcontribute / contribution / contributor / contributory
CONVENIENTconvenience / convenient / conveniently / inconvenient / inconvenience
CONVINCEconvince / conviction / convincing / convincingly / unconvincing
CORRECTcorrect / correction / correctly / corrective / incorrect / incorrectly
COURAGEcourage / courageous / courageously / encourage / discouragegia dinh tu: encourage sb to do sth
CREATEcreate / creation / creator / creature / creative / creatively / creativity / recreate
CRIMEcriminalize / crime / criminal / criminallycriminal vua la N vua la Adj
CRITICIZEcriticize / criticism / critic / critical / criticallycritic nguoi phe binh, critique bai phe binh
CULTUREculture / cultural / culturally / cultured / multicultural
CUREcure / curable / incurable
CURIOUScuriosity / curious / curiously
DANGERendanger / danger / dangerous / dangerously / endangeredendangered species
DECIDEdecide / decision / decisive / decisively / indecisive / undecided
DECORATEdecorate / decoration / decorator / decorative
DEEPdeepen / depth / deep / deeplydeeply thuong dung nghia truu tuong
DEFENDdefend / defence / defender / defensive / defensively / defenceless
DEMONSTRATEdemonstrate / demonstration / demonstrator / demonstrative
DEPARTdepart / departure
DEPENDdepend / dependence / dependent / dependable / independent / independence / independently
DEPRESSdepress / depression / depressed / depressing / depressive
DESCRIBEdescribe / description / descriptive / descriptively / indescribable
DESTINYdestiny / destined / destination
DESTROYdestroy / destruction / destructive / destructively / indestructible
DETERMINEdetermine / determination / determined / determinedly / predetermined
DEVELOPdevelop / development / developer / developed / developing / underdeveloped
DEVOTEdevote / devotion / devotee / devoted / devotedly
DIEdie / death / dead / deadly / dying / deathly
DIFFERENTdiffer / difference / different / differently / differentiate / indifferentindifferent la tho o, khong phai khac biet
DIRECTdirect / direction / director / directly / indirect / indirectly
DISAPPOINTdisappoint / disappointment / disappointed / disappointing / disappointingly
DISCOURAGEdiscourage / discouragement / discouraged / discouraging
DISCOVERdiscover / discovery / discoverer / undiscovered
DISCUSSdiscuss / discussion / discusseddiscuss sth, khong co about
DONATEdonate / donation / donor

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

ABLEABSENTACCESSACCOMMODATEACHIEVEACTADDADMIREADULTADVANTAGEADVERTISEAGE

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

In such situations, hopes for a less active, more cautious and realistic, less expansive foreign policy were slim. (REAL)

Trong tình thế ấy, hy vọng về chính sách đối ngoại ít năng động, thận trọng và ____________ hơn, ít bành trướng hơn là mong manh. (REAL)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C42)

If the person is unconscious orunresponsive, dial 115. (RESPOND)

Nếu người đó bất tỉnh hoặc ____________, hãy gọi 115. (RESPOND)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C43)

How does a son live his own life in the shadow of a(n) overpowering father who is also a worldwide star? (POWER)

Làm sao một người con sống đời mình dưới bóng người cha ____________, lại là ngôi sao toàn cầu? (POWER)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C44)

6

Họ từ E–L (ngân hàng đề)(Families E–L)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhGốc trong ngoặc → V / N / Adj / Adv (+ phủ định nếu nghĩa câu cần)
  • Phủ địnhĐọc kỹ trước/sau chỗ trống; economic ≠ economical; historic ≠ historical.
  • Nghi vấn84 họ từ
    E–LZZZ

Cách dùng

  • Học theo họ: nhớ ít nhất 1 danh / 1 tính / 1 trạng (nếu có) và dạng phủ định hay ra đề.
  • Gặp gốc lạ: đoán hậu tố (-tion/-ment/-ness/-ity/-ful/-less/-ous/-ive) rồi kiểm tra nghĩa câu.
  • Một số gốc vừa là N vừa là V (benefit, increase, progress) — nhìn cấu trúc câu.

Họ từ (84)

ECONOMYeconomize / economy / economics / economist / economic / economical / economicallyeconomic thuoc kinh te, economical tiet kiem
EDUCATEeducate / education / educator / educational / educationally / educated / uneducated
EFFECTeffect / effectiveness / effective / effectively / ineffectiveaffect la dong tu, effect la danh tu
EFFICIENTefficiency / efficient / efficiently / inefficient / inefficiency
EMPHASISemphasize / emphasis / emphatic / emphatically
EMPIREempire / emperor / imperial / imperialism / imperially
EMPLOYemploy / employment / employer / employee / unemployed / unemploymentemployer chu, employee nhan vien
ENCOURAGEencourage / encouragement / encouraging / encouraged / encouragingly
ENERGYenergize / energy / energetic / energetically
ENJOYenjoy / enjoyment / enjoyable / enjoyablyenjoy + V-ing
ENTERTAINentertain / entertainment / entertainer / entertaining
ENTHUSIASMenthuse / enthusiasm / enthusiast / enthusiastic / enthusiastically
ENVIRONMENTenvironment / environmental / environmentally / environmentalist / environmentally-friendly
EQUALequalize / equality / equal / equally / unequal / inequality
ESTIMATEestimate / estimation / estimated / overestimate / underestimate
EXCITEexcite / excitement / exciting / excited / excitedly / excitable
EXHAUSTexhaust / exhaustion / exhausted / exhausting / inexhaustible
EXISTexist / existence / existing / existent / nonexistent
EXPECTexpect / expectation / expectancy / expected / unexpected / unexpectedly
EXPERIENCEexperience / experienced / inexperienced / experiential
EXPLODEexplode / explosion / explosive / explosively
EXPLOREexplore / exploration / explorer / exploratory / unexplored
EXPRESSexpress / expression / expressive / expressively / inexpressible
FAILfail / failure / failed / unfailing / unfailingly
FAMEfame / famous / famously / infamous / infamouslyinfamous la noi tieng xau
FASCINATEfascinate / fascination / fascinating / fascinated / fascinatingly
FASHIONfashion / fashionable / fashionably / unfashionable / old-fashioned
FEARfear / fearful / fearfully / fearless / fearlessly / fearsome
FINANCEfinance / financier / financial / financially
FLEXIBLEflexibility / flexible / flexibly / inflexible
FORGETforget / forgetfulness / forgetful / forgetfully / unforgettable
FORTUNEfortune / fortunate / fortunately / unfortunate / unfortunately / misfortune
FREEfree / freedom / freely
FREQUENTfrequency / frequent / frequently / infrequent / infrequently
FRIENDbefriend / friend / friendship / friendly / unfriendly / friendlinessfriendly la tinh tu du co duoi -ly
GENEROUSgenerosity / generous / generously
GLOBALglobalize / globe / globalization / global / globally
GOVERNgovern / government / governor / governmental / governing
GRADUATEgraduate / graduation / undergraduate / postgraduate
GRATITUDEgratitude / grateful / gratefully / ungrateful
GROWgrow / growth / grown / growing / outgrow / overgrown
GUIDEguide / guidance / guideline / guided / misguided
HAPPYhappiness / happy / happily / unhappy / unhappily / unhappiness
HARMharm / harmful / harmfully / harmless / harmlessly
HEALTHheal / health / healthcare / healthy / healthily / unhealthy
HEAVYheaviness / heavy / heavily / heavyweightrain heavily
HELPhelp / helper / helpful / helpfully / helpless / helplessly / unhelpful
HIGHheighten / height / high / highlyhighly nghia la rat, high la cao
HISTORYhistory / historian / historic / historical / historicallyhistoric trong dai, historical thuoc lich su
HOMEhome / homelesshomework la hop tu khac nghia
HONESThonesty / honest / honestly / dishonest / dishonestly / dishonesty
HOPEhope / hopeful / hopefully / hopeless / hopelessly
HORRORhorrify / horror / horrible / horribly / horrific / horrified / horrifying
HOUSEhouse / housing / household / housewife / housework
HUNGERhunger / hungry / hungrily
IDENTIFYidentify / identification / identity / identifiable / identical
IMAGINEimagine / imagination / imaginary / imaginative / unimaginableimaginary khong that, imaginative giau tuong tuong
IMITATEimitate / imitation / imitator / imitative / inimitable
IMPORTANTimportance / important / importantly / unimportant
IMPRESSimpress / impression / impressive / impressively / unimpressed
IMPROVEimprove / improvement / improved / improving
INCREASEincrease / increased / increasing / increasingly
INDUSTRYindustrialize / industry / industrial / industrious / industriallyindustrial cong nghiep, industrious sieng nang
INFLUENCEinfluence / influential / influentially
INFORMinform / information / informant / informative / informed / uninformedinformation khong dem duoc
INJUREinjure / injury / injured / uninjured
INSPIREinspire / inspiration / inspiring / inspired / inspirational
INTELLIGENTintelligence / intelligent / intelligently / unintelligent
INTENDintend / intention / intent / intentional / intentionally / unintentional
INTERESTinterest / interesting / interested / interestingly / uninterestedbe interested in
INTRODUCEintroduce / introduction / introductory
INVENTinvent / invention / inventor / inventive / inventively
INVESTinvest / investment / investor
JUDGEjudge / judgement / judgemental / prejudice
JUSTICEjustify / justice / just / justly / injustice / unjust / justifiable
KNOWknow / knowledge / knowledgeable / known / unknown / knowingly
LEADlead / leader / leadership / leading / misleading
LEGALlegalize / legality / legal / legally / illegal / illegally
LIMITlimit / limitation / limited / limitless / unlimited
LIVElive / life / living / lively / alive / lifeless / livelihoodlively la soi noi, khong phai trang tu
LOGIClogic / logical / logically / illogical / illogically
LONGlengthen / length / long / lengthy
LOSElose / loss / loser / lost
LUCKluck / lucky / luckily / unlucky / unluckily

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

ECONOMYEDUCATEEFFECTEFFICIENTEMPHASISEMPIREEMPLOYENCOURAGEENERGYENJOYENTERTAINENTHUSIASM

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

He was unfailingly humorous, which made him popular with his fellow workers. (FAIL)

Anh ấy ____________ hài hước, khiến đồng nghiệp mến. (FAIL)

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2024-2025 · C45)

We should make young people realize that drug-taking is self-destructive (DESTROY).

Dùng ma túy là ______.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C56)

Lots of smart people are interested in the problems of unhealthy and unproductive (PRODUCE) workplaces.

nơi làm ______.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C57)

7

Họ từ M–R (ngân hàng đề)(Families M–R)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhGốc trong ngoặc → V / N / Adj / Adv (+ phủ định nếu nghĩa câu cần)
  • Phủ địnhĐọc kỹ trước/sau chỗ trống; economic ≠ economical; historic ≠ historical.
  • Nghi vấn76 họ từ
    M–RZZZ

Cách dùng

  • Học theo họ: nhớ ít nhất 1 danh / 1 tính / 1 trạng (nếu có) và dạng phủ định hay ra đề.
  • Gặp gốc lạ: đoán hậu tố (-tion/-ment/-ness/-ity/-ful/-less/-ous/-ive) rồi kiểm tra nghĩa câu.
  • Một số gốc vừa là N vừa là V (benefit, increase, progress) — nhìn cấu trúc câu.

Họ từ (76)

MAINTAINmaintain / maintenance / maintainable
MANAGEmanage / management / manager / managerial / manageable / unmanageable
MARRYmarry / marriage / married / unmarried / remarrybe married to sb
MEASUREmeasure / measurement / measurable / measurably / immeasurable
MEMORYmemorize / memory / memorial / memorable / memorably
MODERNmodernize / modernization / modern / modernity
MOTIVATEmotivate / motivation / motive / motivated / motivational / unmotivated
MYSTERYmystify / mystery / mysterious / mysteriously
NATIONnationalize / nation / national / nationality / nationally / international / multinational
NATUREnature / naturalist / natural / naturally / unnatural
NECESSARYnecessitate / necessity / necessary / necessarily / unnecessary / unnecessarily
NEIGHBORneighbour / neighbourhood / neighbouring / neighbourly / unneighbourly
NOISEnoise / noisy / noisily
NORMALnormalize / normality / normal / normally / abnormal / abnormally
NOTICEnotice / noticeable / noticeably / unnoticed
OBEYobey / obedience / obedient / obediently / disobey / disobedient
OBSERVEobserve / observation / observer / observant / observable
OCCUPYoccupy / occupation / occupant / occupational / occupied / unoccupied
OLDold / elderly / older / old-fashionedelderly lich su hon old khi noi ve nguoi
OPERATEoperate / operation / operator / operational / operative / cooperate
OPPOSEoppose / opposition / opposite / opposed / opposing
ORGANIZEorganize / organization / organizer / organizational / organized / disorganized
ORIGINoriginate / origin / originality / original / originally
PARTICIPATEparticipate / participation / participant / participatoryparticipate in sth
PATIENTpatience / patient / patiently / impatient / impatiently / impatience
PEACEpeace / peaceful / peacefully / peaceable
PERFECTperfect / perfection / perfectly / imperfect / imperfection
PERFORMperform / performance / performer / performing
PERMISSIONpermit / permission / permissible / permissivepermission khong dem duoc
PERSISTpersist / persistence / persistent / persistently
PERSONpersonalize / person / personality / personnel / personal / personally / impersonalpersonal ca nhan, personnel nhan su
PERSUADEpersuade / persuasion / persuasive / persuasively / unpersuasive
POLITEpoliteness / polite / politely / impolite / impolitely
POLITICpolitics / politician / political / politically
POLLUTEpollute / pollution / pollutant / polluted / unpolluted
POORimpoverish / poverty / poor / poorly / impoverished
POPULATEpopulate / population / popularity / popular / populated / unpopular / overpopulationpopular pho bien, populated co nguoi o
POSSIBLEpossibility / possible / possibly / impossible / impossibly / impossibility
POWERempower / power / powerful / powerfully / powerless / superpower
PRACTICEpractise / practice / practical / practically / impracticalpractice N Anh-Anh viet practise khi la V
PREDICTpredict / prediction / predictable / predictably / unpredictable / unpredictably
PREFERprefer / preference / preferable / preferably / preferential
PREPAREprepare / preparation / prepared / preparatory / unprepared
PRESENTpresent / presence / presenter / presentation / presently
PRESERVEpreserve / preservation / preservative / preserved
PRIDEpride / proud / proudlybe proud of / take pride in
PRODUCEproduce / production / product / productivity / producer / productive / productively / reproduceproduct san pham, production qua trinh, productivity nang suat
PROFESSIONprofession / professional / professionally / professor / professionalism
PROGRESSprogress / progressive / progressively / progression
PROMOTEpromote / promotion / promoter / promotional
PROTECTprotect / protection / protector / protective / protectively / unprotected
PROVEprove / proof / proven / unproven
PROVIDEprovide / provision / provider / provided
PUNISHpunish / punishment / punishable
QUALITYqualify / quality / qualification / qualified / qualitative / unqualified
QUIETquiet / quietly / quietness
REALrealize / reality / realism / real / really / realistic / unrealistic / unreal
REASONreason / reasoning / reasonable / reasonably / unreasonable
RECOGNIZErecognize / recognition / recognizable / recognizably / unrecognizable
REDUCEreduce / reduction / reduced / reducible
REGRETregret / regretful / regrettable / regrettably
REGULARregulate / regulation / regularity / regular / regularly / irregular
RELAXrelax / relaxation / relaxed / relaxing / relaxingly
RELIGIONreligion / religious / religiously
RELYrely / reliance / reliability / reliable / reliably / unreliablerely on sb
REPRESENTrepresent / representation / representative / misrepresent
REPUTErepute / reputation / reputable / reputed / reputedly
REQUIRErequire / requirement / required / requisite
RESEARCHresearch / researcher
RESIDEreside / residence / resident / residential
RESISTresist / resistance / resistant / irresistible / irresistibly
RESPECTrespect / respectful / respectfully / respectable / respective / respectively / disrespectrespectable dang kinh, respectful le do, respective tuong ung
RESPONDrespond / response / respondent / responsive / responsively
RESPONSIBLEresponsibility / responsible / responsibly / irresponsible / irresponsiblybe responsible for
RETIREretire / retirement / retired / retiring
RICHenrich / riches / rich / richly / richness / enrichment

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

MAINTAINMANAGEMARRYMEASUREMEMORYMODERNMOTIVATEMYSTERYNATIONNATURENECESSARYNEIGHBOR

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

Vienna commemorated (MEMORY) the 200th anniversary of Schubert’s birth with a series of exhibitions and concerts.

Vienna ______ 200 năm ngày sinh Schubert.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C58)

The stories invariably (VARY) focus on domestic problems they may have experienced themselves.

Các câu chuyện ______ tập trung vấn đề gia đình.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C59)

The principal said some encouraging (COURAGE) words to the pupils before the exam.

Hiệu trưởng nói lời ______.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C60)

8

Họ từ S–Z (ngân hàng đề)(Families S–Z)

Công thức

  • Khẳng địnhGốc trong ngoặc → V / N / Adj / Adv (+ phủ định nếu nghĩa câu cần)
  • Phủ địnhĐọc kỹ trước/sau chỗ trống; economic ≠ economical; historic ≠ historical.
  • Nghi vấn53 họ từ
    S–ZZZZ

Cách dùng

  • Học theo họ: nhớ ít nhất 1 danh / 1 tính / 1 trạng (nếu có) và dạng phủ định hay ra đề.
  • Gặp gốc lạ: đoán hậu tố (-tion/-ment/-ness/-ity/-ful/-less/-ous/-ive) rồi kiểm tra nghĩa câu.
  • Một số gốc vừa là N vừa là V (benefit, increase, progress) — nhìn cấu trúc câu.

Họ từ (53)

SADsadden / sadness / sad / sadly
SAFEsafeguard / safety / safe / safely / unsafe
SATISFYsatisfy / satisfaction / satisfied / satisfying / satisfactory / dissatisfied / unsatisfactorysatisfactory dat yeu cau, satisfied hai long
SCIENCEscience / scientist / scientific / scientifically
SECUREsecure / security / securely / insecure / insecurity
SENSEsense / sensation / sensitivity / sensible / sensitive / senseless / insensitivesensible biet suy xet, sensitive nhay cam
SHORTshorten / shortage / short / shortly / shortnessshortly nghia la chang bao lau nua
SILENTsilence / silent / silently
SIMPLEsimplify / simplicity / simple / simply / simplistic
SKILLskill / skilful / skilfully / skilled / unskilled
SLEEPsleep / sleeper / sleepy / sleepily / sleepless / asleep
SOCIETYsocialize / society / social / socially / sociable / socialism / antisocialsocial thuoc xa hoi, sociable hoa dong
SOLUTIONsolve / solution / solvable / unsolved / insoluble
SPECIALspecialize / specialist / speciality / special / specially / especiallyespecially thuong dung dau cau hoac nhan manh
STRONGstrengthen / strength / strong / strongly
STUDYstudy / student
SUCCESSsucceed / success / successful / successfully / unsuccessfulsuccession/successive khac nghia — khong gom
SUFFICIENTsuffice / sufficiency / sufficient / sufficiently / insufficient
SUGGESTsuggest / suggestion / suggestivesuggest + V-ing hoac that-clause
SUPPORTsupport / supporter / supportive / unsupported
SURPRISEsurprise / surprising / surprised / surprisingly
SURVIVEsurvive / survival / survivor / surviving
SUSTAINsustain / sustainability / sustainable / sustainably / unsustainable / sustained
SYMPATHYsympathize / sympathy / sympathetic / sympathetically / unsympathetic
TALENTtalent / talented / untalented
TECHNOLOGYtechnology / technologist / technician / technological / technologically / technical / technicallytechnical ky thuat, technological cong nghe
TERRORterrify / terror / terrorist / terrible / terribly / terrific / terrified / terrifyingterrific nghia tot la tuyet voi
THIRSTthirst / thirsty / thirstily
THREATthreaten / threat / threatening / threateningly
TOLERATEtolerate / tolerance / tolerant / tolerantly / intolerant / intolerable
TOURtour / tourist / tourism / touristy
TRADITIONtradition / traditionalist / traditional / traditionally
TRAINtrain / training / trainer / trainee / trained / untrained
TRANSFORMtransform / transformation / transformative
TRANSLATEtranslate / translation / translator
TRANSPORTtransport / transportation / transportable
TRUTHtruth / true / truly / truthful / truthfully / untrue / untruthful
UNDERSTANDunderstand / understanding / understandable / understandably / misunderstand / misunderstanding
UNITEunite / unity / union / unification / united / reunite
USEuse / usage / user / useful / usefully / useless / uselessly / usable / misuse
VALIDvalidate / validity / valid / validly / invalid / invalidate
VARYvary / variety / variation / various / variously / variable / varied / invariably
VIOLENTviolence / violent / violently / nonviolent
VISITvisit / visitor
VOLUNTEERvolunteer / voluntary / voluntarily / involuntary
WARMwarm / warmth / warmly / lukewarm
WEAKweaken / weakness / weak / weakly
WEALTHwealth / wealthy / wealthily
WIDEwiden / width / wide / widely / widespread
WISEwisdom / wise / wisely / unwise / unwisely
WONDERwonder / wonderful / wonderfully
WRITEwrite / writing / writer / written / rewrite / handwriting
YOUNGyoung / youth / youngster / youthful / youthfully

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

SADSAFESATISFYSCIENCESECURESENSESHORTSILENTSIMPLESKILLSLEEPSOCIETY

Ví dụ từ đề thi thật

The Manufacturing Technology Show in Chicago attracted nearly 90,000 attendees (ATTEND) and 1,200 exhibitors.

gần 90.000 ______.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C61)

The purpose of the United Nations is the maintenance (MAINTAIN) of international peace and security.

mục đích LHQ là ______ hòa bình.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C62)

Melanin producing cells in our bodies are activated (ACTIVE) by ultraviolet light from the sun.

tế bào melanin được ______ bởi tia UV.

(Trích từ đề Bắc Ninh chuyên 2025-2026 · C63)