No sooner / Hardly / Scarcely / Barely
Nghĩa: vừa mới … thì …. Vế đầu đảo Past Perfect (had + S + V3). Vế sau Past Simple. Cặp từ cố định: no sooner … than; hardly/scarcely/barely … when/before.
Công thứcNo sooner had + S + V3 than + S + V-ed · Hardly had + S + V3 when + S + V-ed
No sooner … than
She hung up. Then he called back. → No sooner had she hung up than he called back.
Cô ấy vừa cúp máy thì anh ấy gọi lại. than bắt buộc với no sooner.
Hardly … when
I sat down. Then the phone rang. → Hardly had I sat down when the phone rang.
Tôi vừa ngồi xuống thì điện thoại reo. when (hoặc before), không than.
Sai: No sooner had I arrived when it started raining.
Đúng: No sooner had I arrived than it started raining.
No sooner đi với than, không với when.